In this work I deal with the relationship between narratology and historiography. In the 1970s especially due to H. White are applied literary patterns to the field of historiography. Nowadays with the benefit of hindsight it is possible to state that narratology didn't remain a domain of literary science which formed it but it has also found his position in other disciplines, including historiography. The focus of this contribution is the narratological analysis of Vespucci's letter Mundus Novus. Its final form points out cultural specifics of this historical period.